What famous Supreme Court case dealt with the issue of abortion?

The case of Roe v. Wade is famously known for addressing the issue of abortion in the United States. Decided in 1973, the Supreme Court held that a woman's right to choose to have an abortion falls under the right to privacy protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. This landmark ruling effectively legalized abortion nationwide, asserting that states could not impose excessive restrictions on a woman's ability to terminate her pregnancy during the first trimester.

In the context of the other cases mentioned, Brown v. Board of Education is primarily focused on racial segregation in public schools, Miranda v. Arizona involves the rights of individuals in police custody, and Gideon v. Wainwright addresses the right to counsel in criminal cases. Each of these cases is significant in its own right but does not pertain to the issue of abortion, making Roe v. Wade the correct choice for this question.