Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery?

The 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in December 1865, abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. This amendment was a monumental change in American law and society, marking a significant step toward civil rights and freedom for all individuals in the United States.

The historical context surrounding the passage of the 13th Amendment is crucial; it came in the aftermath of the Civil War, a conflict largely centered around the issue of slavery. The amendment signifies not only the legal end of the institution of slavery but also represents a shift in national values toward the recognition of individual liberty and human rights.

The other amendments mentioned, while significant in their own rights, do not pertain to the abolition of slavery. The 11th Amendment focuses on judicial limits and the power of states, the 14th Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law, and the 20th Amendment deals with the terms of elected officials and the congressional sessions. Each of these amendments plays an important role in American constitutional law, but none of them specifically addresses the issue of slavery in the way the 13th Amendment does.